We examine the relative pay of occupations involving
care, such as teaching, counseling, providing health services,
or supervising children. We use panel data from the National Longitudinal
Survey of Youth. Care work pays less than other occupations, after
controlling for the education and employment experience of the
workers, many job characteristics, and (via individual fixed effects)
unmeasured, stable characteristics of those who hold the jobs.
Both men and women in care work pay this wage penalty. However,
the penalty is paid disproportionately by women since more women
than men do this kind of work.
Paula England, Department
of Sociology, Northwestern University
Michelle Budig, Department of Sociology, University of
Massachusetts-Amherst
Nancy Folbre, Department of Economics, University of
Massachusetts-Amherst
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