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Validated Protocols for the Analysis of Dried Blood Spot Samples
Protocols for the analysis of over 100 analytes in dried blood spot samples have been published, including important indicators of endocrine, immune, reproductive, and metabolic function, as well as measures of nutritional status and infectious disease (McDade et al., 2007). Many of these biomarkers have been applied clinically, and may be used in survey research to determine risk for the development of disease, to gain insight into the impact of psychosocial/behavioral contexts across multiple physiological systems, and/or to understand the effect of health on selection into environments across the life course.
Table 1 provides a list of all analytes for which a blood spot method has been published. Please email Thom McDade with suggestions for analytes and/or references to add to this list.
Table 2 provides more detailed information for a subset of analytes most likely to be of interest to researchers conducting population-level, community-based health research. This list was originally published in "What a Drop Can Do: Dried Blood Spots as a Minimally Invasive Method for Integrating Biomarkers into Population-Based Research," by Thomas McDade, Sharon Williams, and J. Josh Snodgrass, (2007), and inclusion is based on four criteria:
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Methods that use capillary whole blood collected on filter paper, without requiring the separation of erythrocytes or additional sample processing steps. |
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Markers of physiological function and health that are broadly relevant across a wide range of ages. The table does not include markers of inborn errors of metabolism commonly used for neonatal screening, markers of toxicology, or clinical markers of specific diseases, unless they are likely to be relevant at the population level (e.g., HIV, hepatitis). |
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Evidence of attention to assay performance, including a report of accuracy, precision, reliability, and/or analysis of matched blood spot and serum/plasma samples. |
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Publication in a peer-reviewed journal. |
Table 2 includes information on multiple aspects of assay performance and implementation to guide decisions regarding the utility and feasibility of various blood spot methods. Table 2 is updated annually. Please email Thom McDade with suggestions for analytes and/or references to add to this list.
Definitions of each heading:
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